TMJ & Jaw Pain FAQ
This FAQ page answers the most common questions about jaw pain, TMJ dysfunction, and physical therapy treatment. Whether you're just starting care or looking for clarity on your symptoms, you'll find helpful information here.
General Questions
Q: What is TMJ dysfunction?
A: TMJ dysfunction refers to a problem with the temporomandibular joint, which connects your jawbone to your skull. It can involve joint irritation, disc displacement, muscle tightness, or postural imbalance that leads to pain, clicking, and difficulty with jaw movement.
Q: What are the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction?
A: Common symptoms include jaw pain, clicking or popping sounds, facial tightness, limited jaw movement, jaw locking, ear fullness, headaches, and sometimes neck or shoulder pain.
Q: Can TMJ dysfunction cause tooth pain?
A: Yes. TMJ issues often refer pain into the teeth, especially when muscles like the masseter or temporalis are irritated. The trigeminal nerve, which supplies both the jaw and the teeth, can also send misleading pain signals.
Q: What causes TMJ dysfunction?
A: Causes include clenching or grinding (bruxism), disc displacement, joint hypermobility (such as in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome), poor posture, trauma, arthritis, or chronic stress and muscle tension.
Q: Do I need a referral for physical therapy in Virginia?
A: No. Virginia allows direct access to physical therapy. That means you can schedule an evaluation without a referral. Some insurance plans may still require one, so check with your provider or clinic.
Physical Therapy Treatment Questions
Q: How does physical therapy help TMJ pain?
A: PT helps by addressing the root causes: muscle overuse, joint irritation, poor posture, and movement control. Treatment may include manual therapy, stabilization exercises, neuromuscular retraining, postural correction, and stress management strategies.
Q: Is physical therapy painful?
A: No. Treatment is designed to reduce pain and restore control. We work within your comfort zone, using gentle techniques—especially for patients with hypermobility or Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.
Q: How long does it take to see improvement?
A: Many patients notice relief within a few visits, though more complex or chronic cases (such as those with hypermobility or long-term clenching habits) may take longer.
Q: Do you offer virtual sessions or telehealth?
A: Yes. Virtual care is available for patients located in Virginia. TMJ-related education, movement training, and self-management strategies can often be delivered effectively via telehealth.
Q: What should I expect at my first appointment?
A: We'll do a thorough evaluation that includes jaw movement, posture, neck mobility, breathing, and muscle tension. You'll leave with a customized plan and a better understanding of what's causing your symptoms.
Conditions and Symptoms
Q: I have jaw clicking but no pain. Should I be concerned?
A: Yes. Clicking can signal disc displacement or joint instability. Early treatment can help reduce stress on the joint and prevent pain from developing later.
Q: My jaw pain comes and goes. Is that normal?
A: Intermittent symptoms are common and often tied to stress, posture, or activity. These flares are a sign that something is off in your movement system and can usually be addressed with therapy.
Q: Can TMJ dysfunction cause headaches or ear pain?
A: Yes. The TMJ shares sensory input with parts of the ear and head through the trigeminal nerve. Dysfunction in this region commonly leads to tension headaches, ear pressure, or a sense of fullness.
Q: What if I’ve had jaw pain for years? Can PT still help?
A: Absolutely. Chronic jaw pain often responds well to physical therapy, especially when treatment includes stabilization, neuromuscular retraining, and postural work.
Q: What if I’ve already tried a night guard?
A: Night guards can help reduce strain from clenching but don’t address the root causes like muscle tension, joint control, or posture. PT often works alongside dental devices for better results.
Jaw Pain & Hypermobility (EDS)
Q: I have Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS). Is jaw pain common?
A: Yes. People with EDS often experience TMJ instability, subluxations, and muscle fatigue due to ligament laxity. PT can help improve control, reduce strain, and manage symptoms safely.
Q: Are treatments different for people with EDS or joint hypermobility?
A: Yes. We avoid aggressive stretching and focus on gentle stabilization, neuromuscular control, and soft tissue work. The goal is to support hypermobile joints, not push their range further.
Q: Is TMJ physical therapy safe if I have craniocervical instability (CCI)?
A: Treatment is adapted based on your medical history. If you have confirmed or suspected CCI, we proceed cautiously, avoid certain neck positions, and focus on symptom-safe strategies that support your stability.
Still have questions? Feel free to contact us or schedule your appointment at H2 Health Glen Allen.